The sample pretreatment ofthese methods involves enzymatic hydro-lysis, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and aderivatization step. doi:10.1016/j.trac.2008.06.003rization ofping analysisĭetection of target steroids or for charac-terization of metabolites are based on GC-MS. Samples, detection and structural determina-Īs become a challenge for doping-controladays, most methods used routinely forĮlsevier Ltd. Olic steroids in doping analysis has generallyĪtography combined with mass spectrometryĮrcially available anabolic steroids have been Peter Van Eenoo,tion of unknown - see front matter 20080165-9936/$ - see front matter 2008n and characsteroids in dSer Van Eenoo, Koen Devente Metry Metabolite Neutral loss Precursor-ion scan Scan mode Target UnknownĪndrogenic-anabolic steroids (AASs) aresynthetic derivatives of testosterone with acommon structure containing four rings(Fig. Keywords: Anabolic steroid Doping analysis Liquid chromatography Mass spectro. Illustrate the potential of LC-MS and LC-MS2 for this purpose. Seems to be to combine several scan modes. In order to detect and toĬharacterize unknown steroids and metabolites, the most powerful approach
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Selected reaction monitoring, full scan and product-ion scan) can be succ-Įssfully used for the detection of target analytes. We discuss the potential of different LC-MS and LC-MS2 scan modes forĭetection of both target and unknown anabolic steroids. Also,the difficulties in detecting THG by com-mon GC-MS methods and, in general, theproblems associated with GC-MS determi-nation of other steroids with large conju. The presence of THG together with otherfindings (e.g., commercially unavailablesteroid norbolethone in a urine sample in2002 or the discovery of the steroidmadol in 2005 ) revealed the presenceof a clandestine designer-steroid industrydeveloped to evade doping controls.
Now-Īnalysis of this sample showed that itcontained tetrahydrogestrinone (THG), adesigner steroid that could be used byathletes to increase their performance. Detectionand identification of AASs and theirmetabolites in urine improved consider-ably due to the introduction of gas chro-matography combined with massspectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Performed mainly by radio-immunoassay(RIA), but suffered from selectivity, sensi-tivity and specificity issues. Despite this prohibition, ana-bolic agents are one of the most detectedgroups of substances in doping analysis.Initially, the detection of AASs was
8, 2008 TrendsE-mail:athletic performance, so they were in-cluded in the list of banned substances in1976.